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Original Article

Low-Protein Diet Changes Thyroid Function in Lactating Rats

Cristiane Fonte Ramos^*, Cintia Vilanova Teixeira, Magna Cottini Fonseca Passos, Carmen Cabanellas Pazos-Moura^§, Patricia Cristina Lisboa^§, Flavio Henrique Curty^§ and Egberto Gaspar de Moura^,1

^* Departamento de Ciências, Faculdade de Formação de Professores de São Gonçalo, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 20550–030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;
Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 20550–030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;
Departamento de Nutrição Aplicada, Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 20550–030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; and
^§ Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21949–900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Lactating rats were fed with free access to an 8% protein-restricted diet (PR); the control group was fed a 23% protein diet (C). An energy-restricted (pair-fed) group was given the same food as the animals in the control group, but the amounts of food consumed by both PF and PR were about the same. The body weight and serum albumin concentration of PR and PF dams were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of the controls. The PR group had a significant increase in serum-free triiodothyronine (FT₃) concentration, 24-hr mammary gland and milk radioiodine (I¹³¹) uptake (67%, 278%, and 200%, respectively) as compared with the controls. On the other hand, those animals had a significantly lower serum-free thyroxine (FT₄) concentration and 2- and 24-hr thyroid I¹³¹ uptake (67%, 64%, and 74%, respectively). Protein malnutrition during lactation did not alter thyroid or liver 5'-deiodinase activity significantly. However, PF dams had a significantly lower (25%) thyroid 5'-deiodinase activity. These data suggest that protein-restricted lactating dams had an adaptive change in the thyroid function, which could be important to increase the transference of iodine or triiodothyronine through the milk to their pups and prevent sequelae of neonatal hypothyroidism.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				T. da Silva Faria, F. de Bittencourt Brasil, F. J B Sampaio, and C. da Fonte Ramos Maternal malnutrition during lactation alters the folliculogenesis and gonadotropins and estrogen isoforms ovarian receptors in the offspring at puberty J. Endocrinol., September 1, 2008; 198(3): 625 - 634. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. V. Teixeira, D. Silandre, A. M. de Souza Santos, C. Delalande, F. J B Sampaio, S. Carreau, and C. da Fonte Ramos Effects of maternal undernutrition during lactation on aromatase, estrogen, and androgen receptors expression in rat testis at weaning J. Endocrinol., February 1, 2007; 192(2): 301 - 311. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Cherala, B. H. Shapiro, and A. P. D'mello Two Low Protein Diets Differentially Affect Food Consumption and Reproductive Performance in Pregnant and Lactating Rats and Long-Term Growth in Their Offspring J. Nutr., November 1, 2006; 136(11): 2827 - 2833. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Cottini Fonseca Passos, C. F. Ramos, S. C.P. Dutra, M. Bernardo-Filho, and E. Gaspar Moura Biodistribution of 99mTc-O4Na Changes in Adult Rats Whose Mothers Were Malnourished During Lactation J. Nucl. Med., January 1, 2002; 43(1): 89 - 91. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]