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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Short-Term Food Restriction and Refeeding Alter Expression of Genes Likely Involved in Brain Glucosensing

Jun Zhou^*,1, David S. Roane, Xiaochun Xi^*, Iwona Bogacka^*, Bing Li^*, Donna H. Ryan^* and Roy J. Martin^*

^* Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808
Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana 71209–0470

Several genes involved in glucosensing of the endocrine pancreas have been proposed to serve a similar function in the brain. These genes include the glucose transporter-2 (Glut-2) and glucokinase (GK). In addition, the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor, which serves as a downstream signal modulator in pancreatic glucosensing and centrally alters feeding, is also of interest. We used quantitative real-time RT-PCR to measure changes in hypothalamic and brainstem Glut-2, GK, and Glp-1R expression of these genes induced by food restriction and refeeding. Sprague-Dawley rats were 50% food restricted for 1 day; one-half of the food-restricted rats were refed with chow for 1 hr before sacrifice. In both hypothalamus and brainstem, gene expression of Glut-2, GK, and Glp-1R was significantly lower in refed rats compared with food-restricted rats. The measures of gene expression in two feeding control groups (ad libitum and voluntarily overfed animals) were intermediate between the food-restricted and refed groups, but were not significantly different from each other. The results indicate that putative glucosensing (GK, Glut-2, and Glp-1R) gene expression in the hypothalamus and brainstem is reduced in response to food intake, depending on prior nutritional status.

Key Words: glucose transport 2 • glucokinase • glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor • feeding

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