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Experimental Biology and Medicine 229:264-269 (2004)
© 2004 Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Peroxynitrite Induces Apoptosis in Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells: Possible Relation to Vascular Diseases

Jianfeng Li*, Wenyan Li*, Jialin Su*, Weimin Liu{dagger}, Bella T. Altura*,{ddagger} and Burton M. Altura*,{ddagger},§,1

Departments of * Physiology and Pharmacology, {dagger} Anatomy and Cell Biology, and § Medicine and {ddagger} Center for Cardiovascular and Muscle Research, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York 11203

To whom requests for reprints should be addressed at 1 Box 31, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203. E-mail: baltura{at}downstate.edu

An emerging body of evidence is accumulating to suggest that in vivo formation of free radicals in the vasculature, such as peroxynitrite (ONOO-), and programmed cell death (i.e., apoptosis) play important roles in vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and restenosis. The present study was designed to determine whether primary rat aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) undergo apoptosis following treatment with ONOO-. Direct exposure of primary rat aortic SMCs to ONOO-induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner, as confirmed by means of quantitative fluorescence staining and TUNEL assays. ONOO--induced apoptosis in rat aortic SMCs appears to involve activation of Ca2+-dependent endonucleases. Although the precise mechanisms by which peroxynitrite induces apoptosis in rat aortic SMCs need to be further investigated, the present, preliminary findings could be used to suggest that ONOO- formation in the vasculature may play roles in the processes of vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and restenosis, via adverse actions on blood vessels.

Key Words: peroxynitrite • apoptosis • vascular smooth muscle cells • rat aorta




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