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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Compensatory Growth of Adipose Tissue After Partial Lipectomy: Involvement of Serum Factors

Dorothy B. Hausman^1,*, Jie Lu^*, Donna H. Ryan, William P. Flatt^* and Ruth B. S. Harris^*

^* Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602; and Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70810

To whom requests for reprints should be addressed at ¹ Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, 263 Dawson Hall, Athens, GA 30602. E-mail: dhausman{at}uga.edu

The regulation of body weight/fat was studied by investigating mechanisms for compensatory adipose tissue growth after removal of bilateral epididymal fat pads from male adult Wistar rats. Food intake during the first 4 weeks and energy expenditure on Days 8–10 postsurgery were not different between lipectomized and sham operated rats. During Days 29–31 post surgery, a small (2.4%) but significant (P < 0.05) increase in heat production per metabolic body size was detected in lipectomized as compared with sham operated rats. The carcass composition of lipectomized and sham operated rats was not significantly different 16 weeks after surgery. The compensatory growth was fat pad–specific: mesenteric, retroperitoneal, and inguinal fat pads, but not perirenal fat pads, were heavier in lipectomized rats than in sham operated rats as early as 4 weeks postsurgery. Examination of fat cell size distribution in the compensating pads indicated a shift toward larger cells in retroperitoneal fat, but not in inguinal fat of lipectomized as compared with sham operated rats. Serum from lipectomized rats, but not media conditioned by exposure to retroperitoneal fat pads from lipectomized rats, stimulated proliferation of preadipocytes in vitro more than that from sham operated rats. Thus, compensatory adipose tissue growth after lipectomy may be mediated, in part, by blood-borne factors that are derived from tissues other than adipose tissue.

Key Words: obesity • energy expenditure • adipocyte proliferation • paracrine factors • adiposity signals

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