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Experimental Biology and Medicine 229:698-704 (2004)
© 2004 Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine

MINIREVIEW

Citrus aurantium, an Ingredient of Dietary Supplements Marketed for Weight Loss: Current Status of Clinical and Basic Research

Adriane Fugh-Berman1 and Adam Myers

Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057

To whom requests for reprints should be addressed at 1 Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Georgetown University, Box 571460, Washington, DC 20057-1460. E-mail: fughberman{at}aol.com

Seville orange (Citrus aurantium) extracts are being marketed as a safe alternative to ephedra in herbal weight-loss products, but C. aurantium may also have the potential to cause adverse health effects. C. aurantium contains synephrine (oxedrine), which is structurally similar to epinephrine. Although no adverse events have been associated with ingestion of C. aurantium products thus far, synephrine increases blood pressure in humans and other species, and has the potential to increase cardiovascular events. Additionally, C. aurantium contains 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin and bergapten, both of which inhibit cytochrome P450-3A, and would be expected to increase serum levels of many drugs. There is little evidence that products containing C. aurantium are an effective aid to weight loss. Synephrine has lipolytic effects in human fat cells only at high doses, and octopamine does not have lipolytic effects in human adipocytes.

Key Words: Citrus aurantium • Seville orange • herbal medicine • weight-loss products • synephrine • octopamine • bergapten • dihydroxybergapten




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