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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Cu,Zn-Superoxide Dismutase Is Lower and Copper Chaperone CCS Is Higher in Erythrocytes of Copper-Deficient Rats and Mice

Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Minnesota, Duluth School of Medicine, Duluth, Minnesota 55812

To whom requests for reprints should be addressed at ¹ University of Minnesota Duluth, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1035 University Drive, Duluth, MN 55812. E-mail: jprohask{at}d.umn.edu

Discovery of a sensitive blood biochemical marker of copper status would be valuable for assessing marginal copper intakes. Rodent models were used to investigate whether erythrocyte concentrations of copper,zinc–superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the copper metallochaperone for SOD (CCS) were sensitive to dietary copper changes. Several models of copper deficiency were studied in postweanling male Holtzman rats, male Swiss Webster mice offspring, and both rat and mouse dams. Treatment resulted in variable but significantly altered copper status as evaluated by the presence of anemia, and lower liver copper and higher liver iron concentrations in copper-deficient compared with copper-adequate animals. Associated with this copper deficiency were consistent reductions in immunoreactive SOD and robust enhancements in CCS. In most cases, the ratio of CCS:SOD was several-fold higher in red blood cell extracts from copper-deficient compared with copper-adequate rodents. Determination of red cell CCS:SOD may be useful for assessing copper status of humans.

Key Words: copper-deficient • erythrocytes • superoxide dismutase • chaperone CCS

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