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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Resistant Starch Fraction Prepared from Kintoki Bean Affects Gene Expression of Genes Associated with Cholesterol Metabolism in Rats

Kyu-Ho Han^*, Mitsuo Sekikawa^*, Ken-Ichiro Shimada^*, Keiko Sasaki, Kiyoshi Ohba and Michihiro Fukushima^*,1

^* Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan; and Hokkaido Tokachi Area Regional Food Processing Technology Center, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-2462, Japan

To whom requests for reprints should be addressed at ¹ Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan. E-mail: fukushim{at}obihiro.ac.jp

Feeding rats beans with resistant starch reduces the serum cholesterol concentration; however, the mechanism is not fully understood. We examined the effects of resistant starch of kintoki (Phaseolus vulgaris, variety) bean on serum cholesterol and hepatic mRNAs in rats. Male F344/Du Crj rats were fed a cholesterol-free diet either with 5 g of cellulose powder (control)/100 g or 5 g of pancreatin-resistant fraction prepared from kintoki bean (kintoki)/100 g diet for 4 weeks. There were no differences in the body weight gain, food intake, liver weight, and mass of cecum contents between the groups. Serum total cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) + intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) + low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels in the kintoki group were significantly (at least P < 0.05) lower than in the control group throughout the feeding period. There was no difference in the serum triglyceride concentration between two groups throughout the feeding period. Total hepatic cholesterol in the control group was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than in the kintoki groups. Fecal bile acid, cecal acetate, propionate and n-butyrate concentrations in the kintoki group all were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in the control group. Likewise, hepatic cholesterol 7-hydroxylase, LDL receptor, and SR-B1 mRNA levels in the kintoki group were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in the control group. The results suggest that resistant starch of kintoki bean reduces serum cholesterol level by increasing hepatic LDL receptor, SR-B1, and cholesterol 7-hydroxylase mRNAs.

Key Words: pancreatin-resistant fraction prepared from kintoki bean • serum cholesterol • short-chain fatty acid • bile acid • hepatic mRNAs

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