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Experimental Biology and Medicine 230:435-443 (2005)
© 2005 Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine

MINIREVIEW

Metabolic Cardioprotection by Pyruvate: Recent Progress

Robert T. Mallet*,1, Jie Sun*, E. Marty Knott*, Arti B. Sharma* and Albert H. Olivencia-Yurvati{dagger}

* Departments of Integrative Physiology and {dagger} Surgery, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas 76107–2699

To whom requests for reprints should be addressed at 1 Department of Integrative Physiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107–2699. E-mail: malletr{at}hsc.unt.edu

Pyruvate, a natural metabolic fuel and antioxidant in myocardium and other tissues, exerts a variety of cardioprotective actions when provided at supraphysiological concentrations. Pyruvate increases cardiac contractile performance and myocardial energy state, bolsters endogenous antioxidant systems, and protects myocardium from ischemia-reperfusion injury and oxidant stress. This article reviews and discusses basic and clinically oriented research conducted over the last several years that has yielded fundamental information on pyruvate’s inotropic and cardioprotective mechanisms. Particular attention is placed on pyruvate’s enhancement of sarcoplasmic reticular Ca2+ transport, its antioxidant properties, and its ability to mitigate reversible and irreversible myocardial injury. These research efforts are establishing the essential foundation for clinical application of pyruvate therapy in numerous settings including cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, myocardial stunning, and cardiac failure.

Key Words: antioxidant • bypass surgery • cardiac stunning • cardiopulmonary resuscitation • ethyl pyruvate • infarction • myocardial ischemia • phosphorylation potential • reactive oxygen species




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