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MINIREVIEW

Mesenchymal Stem Cells and the Treatment of Cardiac Disease

José J. Minguell^*,,1 and Alejandro Erices^*,

^* Laboratorio de Trasplante de Médula Osea, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; TCA Research, Covington, Louisiana 70433; and Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile

To whom requests for reprints should be addressed at ¹ Laboratorio de Trasplante de Médula Osea, Clínica Las Condes, Lo Fontecilla 441, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile. E-mail: jminguel{at}inta.cl

The ischemia-induced death of cardiomyocytes results in scar formation and reduced contractility of the ventricle. Several preclinical and clinical studies have supported the notion that cell therapy may be used for cardiac regeneration. Most attempts for cardiomyoplasty have considered the bone marrow as the source of the "repair stem cell(s)," assuming that the hematopoietic stem cell can do the work. However, bone marrow is also the residence of other progenitor cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Since 1995 it has been known that under in vitro conditions, MSCs differentiate into cells exhibiting features of cardiomyocytes. This pioneer work was followed by many preclinical studies that revealed that ex vivo expanded, bone marrow–derived MSCs may represent another option for cardiac regeneration. In this work, we review evidence and new prospects that support the use of MSCs in cardiomyoplasty.

Key Words: mesenchymal stem cells • cardiomyoplasty • infarcted myocardium • cell therapy

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