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Experimental Biology and Medicine 232:727-736 (2007)
© 2007 Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine

MINIREVIEW

Adipokines and Coronary Vasomotor Dysfunction

Jarrod D. Knudson*, Gregory M. Dick{dagger} and Johnathan D. Tune{dagger},1

* Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112; and {dagger} Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202

To whom requests for reprints should be addressed at 1 Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202. E-mail: jtune{at}iupui.edu

Research in the last 10–15 years has shown that fat cells (adipocytes) produce and release proteins with specific biologic activities. These proteins, termed adipokines, include the hormones leptin, adiponectin, and resistin. Adipose tissue is now recognized as an active endocrine organ. With the obesity pandemic swelling in the Western world, ongoing research is aimed at determining the biologic links between obesity and cardiovascular disease. This review presents basic historical background information on the major adipokines, introduces findings from clinical studies associating adipokines with cardiovascular disease, and summarizes results from recent basic science research studies of mechanisms of adipokine-induced cardiovascular dysfunction. Particular emphasis is placed on the action of adipokines in the coronary circulation—especially effects of adipokines on endothelial function, as endothelial damage is likely a critical event initiating atherosclerotic coronary artery disease.

Key Words: coronary blood flow • adipokine • leptin • resistin • adiponectin • tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}






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