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Experimental Biology and Medicine 233:131-138 (2008)
doi: 10.3181/0709-MR-237
© 2008 Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine

MINIREVIEW

Muscling Through the microRNA World

Thomas E. Callis*, Zhongliang Deng{dagger}, Jian-Fu Chen* and Da-Zhi Wang*,1

* Carolina Cardiovascular Biology Center, Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; and {dagger} Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China

To whom requests for reprints should be addressed at 1 dawang{at}med.unc.edu

microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of highly conserved small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. The emerging field of miRNA biology has begun to unravel roles for these regulatory molecules in a range of biological functions, including cardiac and skeletal muscle development, as well as in muscle-related disease processes. In this paper, we review the role of miRNAs in muscle biology. Recent genetic studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are required for both proper muscle development and function, with crucial roles for miRNAs being identified in regulating muscle cell proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, dysregulated expression of miRNAs has been correlated to certain muscle-related diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac arrhythmias, and muscular dystrophy.

Key Words: cardiac muscle • skeletal muscle • microRNA • gene expression • cardiovascular disease • cell proliferation • cell differentiation




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